Beginning with Yu the Great, the Xia Dynasty had lasted about 400 years before Jie became the supreme ruler.
And that was in the 18th century BC. Jie was extremely tyrannical and dissolute. This aroused great resentment among the people. Tang, the chief of the tribe Shang, took advantage of this situation to overthrow the Xia Dynasty and establish the Shang Dynasty in the early 17th century BC. During his preparations for the overthrow, Tang won popular support.
One day, Tang was having a walk in the open country. He saw a man catching birds with a big net spread like a cage and mumbling: "Come on, birds! Come into my net. All of you, whether flying high or low, east or west, just come into my net!"
Tang walked over and said to the man: "This method is ruthless! You'll spare no birds this way!"
With these words, he cut the net down on three sides. Then he murmured in a light voice as if praying: "Oh, birds! Fly to the left or right as you like. And if you're really tired of your life, come into this net!"
When chiefs of other tribes heard about this, they were all moved. They said: "Tang is a good king indeed. He is so kind even to birds and animals. He must be more merciful to human beings." And very soon, more than 40 tribes pledged allegiance to Tang.
From that story came the idiom "w?ng kāi sān miàn," meaning "to leave three sides of the net open." Later, people changed it into "w?ng kāi yī miàn," that is, "to use only one side of the net (since the other three sides are left open)." It tells people to give somebody a way out and to be lenient or merciful.
w?ng kāi yī miàn
網(wǎng)開(kāi)一面
?????? 從大禹到桀，夏朝一共持續(xù)了四百多年的歷史。
?????? 那是在公元前十八世紀(jì)。桀是個(gè)極端殘暴、放蕩的人，他激起了人民的極度不滿。部落商的領(lǐng)袖湯利用這個(gè)形勢(shì)，推翻了夏朝，并在公元前十七世紀(jì)早期建立了商朝。在準(zhǔn)備這場(chǎng)推翻夏朝的行動(dòng)中，湯贏得了廣泛的支持。
?????? 一天，湯在一片開(kāi)闊的田野里散步。他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)人正在捕鳥。那人支開(kāi)一張像籠子般的大網(wǎng)，喃喃地說(shuō)：“來(lái)吧，鳥兒們！飛到我的網(wǎng)里來(lái)。無(wú)論是飛得高的還是低的，向東還是向西的，所有的鳥兒都飛到我的網(wǎng)里來(lái)吧！”
?????? 湯走過(guò)去對(duì)那個(gè)人說(shuō)：“你這種方法太殘忍了！這樣做你連一只鳥也不放過(guò)！”
?????? 一邊說(shuō)著，湯砍斷了三面網(wǎng)。然后，像做祈禱那樣，他輕輕的低聲說(shuō)道，“哦，鳥兒們，喜歡向左飛的，就向左飛；喜歡向右飛的，就向右飛；如果你真的厭倦了你的生活，就飛入這張網(wǎng)吧！”
?????? 其它部落的首領(lǐng)得知這件事后都非常感動(dòng)。他們說(shuō)：“湯真是一位賢王啊。他對(duì)鳥獸都如此仁慈，何況是對(duì)人呢？”不久就有四十多個(gè)部落宣誓效忠湯。
?????? “網(wǎng)開(kāi)三面”這個(gè)成語(yǔ)就是由此而來(lái)的。后來(lái)，人們把它改為“網(wǎng)開(kāi)一面”，比喻用寬大的態(tài)度來(lái)對(duì)待他人。
chē shuǐ m? lóng
車水馬龍
endless stream of horses and carriages – heavy traffic
